Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) increase hemoglobin levels, reduce transfusion
requirements, and have been the standard of treatment for anemia in patients with chronic …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control transcriptional responses to reduced O2 availability.
HIFs are heterodimeric proteins composed of an O2-regulated HIF-α subunit and a …

In chronic kidney disease, anemia and disordered iron homeostasis are prevalent and
associated with significant adverse consequences. In 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving …

Hypoxia-inducible factor–prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are a promising
new class of orally administered drugs currently in late-stage global clinical development for …

Anemia is a frequent comorbidity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with a
considerable burden because of decreased patient health-related quality of life and …

Prolyl hydroxylase domain oxygen sensors are dioxygenases that regulate the activity of
hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which controls renal and hepatic erythropoietin production …

Hypoxia, a common feature of solid tumors, greatly hinders the efficacy of conventional
cancer treatments such as chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy. The depletion of oxygen in …

Small-molecule stabilizers of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) are being developed for the
treatment of renal anaemia. These molecules inhibit prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing …

Inhibition of the human 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) prolyl
hydroxylases (human PHD1–3) causes upregulation of HIF, thus promoting erythropoiesis …

Anemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and is associated with a high
burden of morbidity and adverse clinical outcomes. In 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving …