Osteoporotic fractures lead to increased disability and mortality in the elderly population.
With the rapid increase in the aging population around the globe, more effective treatments …

Osteoporosis is one of the major bone disorders that affects both women and men, and
causes bone deterioration and bone strength. Bone remodeling maintains bone mass and …

Bone remodeling consists of resorption by osteoclasts followed by formation by osteoblasts,
and osteoclasts are a source of bone formation-stimulating factors. Here we utilize …

The deterioration of the human skeleton's capacity for self-renewal occurs naturally with age.
Osteoporosis affects millions worldwide, with current treatments including pharmaceutical …

Human cathepsin L belongs to the cathepsin family of proteolytic enzymes with primarily an
endopeptidase activity. Although its primary functions were originally thought to be only of a …

Cancer, a common malignant disease, is one of the predominant causes of diseases that
lead to death. Additionally, cancer is often detected in advanced stages and cannot be …

Cysteine proteases are important targets for the discovery of novel therapeutics for many
human diseases. From parasitic diseases to cancer, cysteine proteases follow a common …

Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated myeloid cells specialized for bone resorption, which is
essential for the preservation of bone health throughout life. The activity of osteoclasts relies …

Osteoporosis is a kind of bone diseases characterized by dynamic imbalance of bone
formation and bone absorption, which is prone to fracture, and seriously endangers human …

The development of progressive osteopenia and osteoporosis (OP) is due to the imbalance
between bone resorption and bone formation, determining a lower bone resistance, major …