Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex and dynamic process
regulated by various pro-and anti-angiogenic molecules, which plays a crucial role in tumor …

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs) are expressed in a
variety of tumors. Activation of the PDGF/PDGFR signaling pathway is associated with …

Numerous cancers express platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and PDGF receptors
(PDGFRs). By directly stimulating tumour cells in an autocrine manner or by stimulating …

Abstract Inactive von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is linked to metabolic reprogramming and plays
pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, we …

Appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms (ANENs) usually present as incidental findings at
the time of appendectomy for acute appendicitis. They are rare, accounting for only 0.5–1 …

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRA) mutations occur in approximately 10–
15% of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). These tumors with PDGFRA mutations have …

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a heterogeneous group of malignancies that arise
from neuroendocrine cells dispersed throughout the organs/tissues of the body. Treatment of …

The incidence of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) is increasing, but curative therapeutic
options are limited because diagnosis is often delayed until the tumour has metastasized …

Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body's responses to
tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical …

Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs) represent a rare group of
malignancies. For decades, chemotherapy, somatostatin analogs and interferon …