The melanin pigments eumelanin (EM) and pheomelanin (PM), which are dark brown to
black and yellow to reddish-brown, respectively, are widely found among vertebrates. They …

Melanins are tyrosine-derived pigments that are ubiquitous in animals, plants, and fungi.
Melanins are often associated with black and brown pigmentation, which provide a variety of …

Background: To reveal candidate genes and the molecular genetic mechanism underlying
primary feather color trait in ducks, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for the primary …

Superficial discolored spots on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fillets are a serious quality
problem for commercial seafood farming. Previous reports have proposed that the black …

The leopard coral trout generally exhibited numerous round, minute blue spots covering its
head (about the size of nostril) and body (except ventral side). This is a characteristic that …

Melanism, the process of heavier melanin deposition, can interact with climate variation at
both micro and macro scales, ultimately influencing color evolution in organisms. While the …

Eumelanin, a macromolecule widespread in all the living world and long appreciated for its
protective action against harmful UV radiation, is considered the beneficial component of the …

Color aberrations in birds corresponds with important ecological functions, including
thermoregulation and physiological impacts, camouflage and increased predation, and …

This paper aims to highlight the physiological actions exerted by eumelanin present in
several organs/tissues of the human body and to rationalise the often conflicting functional …

Background Colour expression is highly variable in animals. In fishes, rapid colour change,
ie physiological colour change, can be observed in multiple contexts, eg in camouflage or …