Orbital angular momentum (OAM), which describes tailoring the spatial physical dimension
of light waves into a helical phase structure, has given rise to many applications in optical …

Twisted photons can be used as alphabets to encode information beyond one bit per single
photon. This ability offers great potential for quantum information tasks, as well as for the …

Twenty-five years ago Allen, Beijersbergen, Spreeuw, and Woerdman published their
seminal paper establishing that light beams with helical phase-fronts carried an orbital …

Time, polarization, and wavelength multiplexing schemes have been used to satisfy the
growing need of transmission capacity. Using space as a new dimension for communication …

In recent years, vortex beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) have attracted more
and more attention. The wavefront of the OAM beams is helical, the intensity at the center of …

In recent decades, metasurfaces have attracted considerable interest to generate vortex
beams, that is, orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying beams. However, the existing …

Optical vortex is a promising candidate for capacity scaling in next-generation optical
communications. The generation of multi-vortex beams is of great importance for vortex …

Spatial modes have received substantial attention over the last decades and are used in
optical communication applications. In fiber-optic communications, the employed linearly …

The space domain is regarded as the only known physical dimension of lightwaves left to be
exploited for optical communications. Very recently, much research effort has been devoted …

Transmissive and reflective metasurfaces have been extensively studied for generating an
orbital angular momentum (OAM)-carrying beam. However, the existing OAM generators …