Animal behavior is shaped by a variety of" internal states"—partially hidden variables that
profoundly shape perception, cognition, and action. The neural basis of internal states, such …

This perspective describes predictive processing as a computational framework for
understanding cortical function in the context of emerging evidence, with a focus on sensory …

Transcriptomics has revealed that cortical inhibitory neurons exhibit a great diversity of fine
molecular subtypes,,,,–, but it is not known whether these subtypes have correspondingly …

Variation in an animal's behavioral state is linked to fluctuations in brain activity and
cognitive ability. In the neocortex, state-dependent circuit dynamics may reflect …

Neural activity and behavior are both notoriously variable, with responses differing widely
between repeated presentation of identical stimuli or trials. Recent results in humans and …

Rapid variations in cortical state during wakefulness have a strong influence on neural and
behavioural responses and are tightly coupled to changes in pupil size across species …

Recent work continues to place cholinergic circuits at center stage for normal executive and
mnemonic functioning and provides compelling evidence that the loss of cholinergic …

Why are some visual stimuli consciously detected, whereas others remain subliminal? We
investigated the fate of weak visual stimuli in the visual and frontal cortex of awake monkeys …

The state of the brain and body constantly varies on rapid and slow timescales. These
variations contribute to the apparent noisiness of sensory responses at both the neural and …

Cortical gain regulation allows neurons to respond adaptively to changing inputs. Neural
gain is modulated by internal and external influences, including attentional and arousal …