Inhibitory neurons (INs) consist of distinct subtypes with unique functions. Previous studies
on INs mainly focused on single brain regions, and thus it remains unclear whether the …

Cognitive processing relies on the functional refinement of the limbic circuitry during the first
two weeks of life. During this developmental period, when the auditory, somatosensory and …

The mammalian brain is composed of a large number of highly diverse cell types with
different molecular, anatomical, and functional features. Distinct cellular identities are …

Layer 5 pyramidal neurons of sensory cortices project “corticofugal” axons to myriad sub-
cortical targets, thereby broadcasting high-level signals important for perception and …

Neuronal plasticity underlying cerebellar learning behavior is strongly associated with type 1
metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) signaling. Activation of mGluR1 leads to …

Communication among different neocortical areas is largely thought to be mediated by long-
range synaptic interactions between cortical neurons, with the thalamus providing only an …

Lesion or damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) results in a profound loss of visual
perception in humans. Similarly, in mice, optogenetic silencing of V1 profoundly impairs …

We present deepflash2, a deep learning solution that facilitates the objective and reliable
segmentation of ambiguous bioimages through multi-expert annotations and integrated …

The electric excitability of muscle, heart and brain tissue relies on the precise interplay of
Na+-and K+-selective ion channels. The involved ion fluxes are controlled in optogenetic …

In the field of neuroscience, the importance of constructing closed-loop experimental
systems has increased in conjunction with technological advances in measuring and …