This comprehensive critical review critically examines the ethical implications associated
with integrating chatbots into nephrology, aiming to identify concerns, propose policies, and …

Health inequity refers to the existence of unnecessary and unfair differences in the ability of
an individual or community to achieve optimal health and access appropriate care. Kidney …

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic presents significant challenges for health systems
globally, including substantive ethical dilemmas that may pose specific concerns in the …

Background Medical care that has therapeutic effects without significant benefits for the
patient is called futile care. Intensive Care Units are the most important units in which nurses …

Patients with chronic kidney disease are required to make difficult decisions, negotiating
between the risks, burdens and benefits for any proposed course. This process can be …

Children with kidney failure require kidney replacement therapy (KRT), namely maintenance
dialysis and kidney transplant. Adequate kidney failure care consists of KRT or conservative …

Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease.
Yet dialysis is not suitable for all ESRD patients. Moreover, while shared decision-making …

Due to the shortage of deceased and genetically-or emotionally-related living donors, living
unrelated paid donor (LURpD) kidney transplantation has been considered; however, this …

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is an integral component of the chronic kidney
disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Many factors have been associated with …

Healthcare systems in low‐income and lower‐middle income countries (LLMICs) face
significant challenges in the provision of health services, for example, kidney care to the …