Cellular immune responses consist of innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune
mechanisms, where all leukocyte subpopulations are included. Among these are vital …

The gut microbiota is currently one of the most studied 'organs' in animals, and fish are no
exception. A complex diversity of microbes, including bacteria, archaea, yeast and fungus …

Aquaculture growth will unavoidably involve the implementation of innovative and
sustainable production strategies, being functional feeds among the most promising ones. A …

Germinal centers (GCs) or analogous secondary lymphoid microstructures (SLMs) are
thought to have evolved in endothermic species. However, living representatives of their …

The paper presents the problem of intestinal mucosa immunity in teleost fish. The immunity
of the intestinal mucosa in teleost fish depends on the elements and mechanisms with …

The spotlight on natural antimicrobial agents for application in foods is attracting much
attention mainly due to their multiple benefits, including non-toxic, good and broad-spectrum …

The microbiome is known to provide benefits to hosts, including extension of immune
function. Amphibians are a powerful immunological model for examining mucosal defenses …

Tilapia tilapinevirus (also known as tilapia lake virus, TiLV) is considered to be a new threat
to the global tilapia industry. The objective of this study was to develop simple cell culture …

Abstract Polymeric (p) immunoglobulins (Igs) serve broad functions during vertebrate
immune responses. Typically, pIgs contain between two and six Ig monomers, each with two …

β-glucans are prebiotic and/or food additives used by the aquaculture industry to enhance
the immune response of fish. Their efficiency may vary according to their origin and …