Summary The Cdk-Rb-E2F pathway integrates external and internal signals to control
progression at the G1/S transition of the mammalian cell cycle. Alterations in this pathway …

The most fundamental feature of cellular form is size, which sets the scale of all cell
biological processes. Growth, form, and function are all necessarily linked in cell biology, but …

DNA is the source of genetic information, and preserving its integrity is essential in order to
sustain life. The genome is continuously threatened by different types of DNA lesions, such …

An unanswered question in human health is whether antioxidation prevents or promotes
cancer. Antioxidation has historically been viewed as chemopreventive, but emerging …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), now appreciated for their cellular signaling capabilities,
have a dual role in cancer. On the one hand, ROS can promote protumorigenic signaling …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key player in both the development and suppression of tumourigenesis
depending on the source and concentration of NO. In this review, we discuss the …

Abstract Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation has, for many decades now, been widely studied with
respect to its consequences on plant and animal health. Though according to NASA, the …

Cancer cells are characterized by an increase in the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
production and an altered redox environment compared to normal cells. Furthermore, redox …

The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) regulate diverse cellular programs by
relaying extracellular signals to intracellular responses. In mammals, there are more than a …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their products are components of cell signaling
pathways and play important roles in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Under …