Ovarian hormones play an important role in pain perception, and are responsible, at least in
part, for the pain threshold differences between the sexes. Modulation of pain and its …

The aim of the present review, which highlights some relationships between sex hormones,
the CNS and pain, is to provide reference points for discussion on one of the most intriguing …

The management of adverse premenstrual symptoms has presented a difficult challenge for
clinicians. However, based on numerous well-designed research studies over the last …

Background Sex differences in the response threshold to painful stimuli and the higher
number of chronic pain syndromes in women than in men have prompted a series of studies …

Oestrogen and progesterone have specific receptors in the central nervous system and are
able to regulate neuronal development and plasticity, neuronal excitability, mitochondrial …

Guidelines for design of clinical trials evaluating behavioral headache treatments were
developed to facilitate production of quality research evaluating behavioral therapies for …

Sex is an important factor in painful experience modulation. Large volume of evidence
shows that experience is different for males and females, as well as the answer to some …

Abstract Objective/Hypothesis: The objective of this prospective, observational study was to
evaluate the efficacy of migraine pharmacologic prophylaxis on a group of vertiginous …

Objectives.—To determine the preventive benefit of “medical oophorectomy” and
transdermal estradiol in women with migraine. Background.—Epidemiological studies have …

Objective.—To evaluate the frequency of menorrhagia and endometriosis in female
migraineurs compared to age‐matched women without headache. Background.—Migraine …