The aim of this ESC Guideline is to help health professionals manage people with heart
failure (HF) according to the best available evidence. Fortunately, we now have a wealth of …

Cellular mitophagy means that cells selectively wrap and degrade damaged mitochondria
through an autophagy mechanism, thus maintaining mitochondria and intracellular …

Abstract Document Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Coordinator)(Netherlands),
P. Christian Schulze (CPG Review Coordinator)(Germany), Magdy Abdelhamid (Egypt) …

The excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impairment of defensive
antioxidant systems leads to a condition known as oxidative stress. The main source of free …

Functional status is considered the main determinant of healthy aging. Impairment in
skeletal muscle and the cardiovascular system, two interrelated systems, results in …

The glutathione (GSH) system is considered to be one of the most powerful endogenous
antioxidant systems in the cardiovascular system due to its key contribution to detoxifying …

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play key roles in the progression of …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemical species containing oxygen,
controlled by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems. In the heart …

Patients with cardiovascular disease and, namely, heart failure are more susceptible to
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and have a more severe clinical course once …

WNT signalling comprises a diverse spectrum of receptor-mediated pathways activated by a
large family of WNT ligands and influencing fundamental biological processes. WNT …