Background Because only 25% of cases of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) have a
known etiology, the aim of this review was to summarize the associations and mechanisms …

Background Considerable interest has been gathered on the relevant impact of preventable
factors, including incorrect lifestyle and unhealthy habits, on female fertility. Smoking …

Maternal smoking during pregnancy continues to represent a major public health concern.
Nicotine is extremely harmful to the developing fetus through many different mechanisms …

Background. The acceleration of pubertal development is an important medical and social
problem, as it may result in increased morbidity and mortality in later life. This systematic …

STUDY QUESTION Does prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have long-
term effects on female reproductive function?. SUMMARY ANSWER Our results suggest an …

Because early puberty has been linked to diseases later in life, identification of modifiable
causes of early puberty is of interest. We explored the possible associations between …

Children are commonly exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in the domestic environment
or inside vehicles of smokers. Unfortunately, prenatal tobacco smoke (PTS) exposure is still …

Objectives. We investigated 50-year US trends in age at menarche by socioeconomic
position (SEP) and race/ethnicity because data are scant and contradictory. Methods. We …

Maternal cigarette smoking may affect the intrauterine hormonal environment during
pregnancy and this early fetal exposure may have detrimental effects on the future trajectory …

This study reviews the scientific literature on the noxious effects of cigarette smoke on the
ovarian follicle, and the cumulative data on the impact of smoking on in vitro fertilization (IVF) …