Stimulated phagocytes undergo a burst in respiration whereby molecular oxygen is
converted to superoxide anion through the action of an NADPH-dependent oxidase. The …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have long been studied in the context of their direct toxic
effects on cells. As a result, ROS have conventionally been thought of as a necessary …

Production of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in neutrophils, a critical oxidant involved in bacterial
killing, requires chloride anions. Because the primary defect of cystic fibrosis (CF) is the loss …

Oxidative stress and nitric oxide synthase in rat diabetic nephropathy: Effects of ACEI and
ARB. Background Angiotensin II (Ang II) can up-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide …

Phagocytic leukocytes consume oxygen and generate reactive oxygen species in response
to appropriate stimuli. The phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a multiprotein complex, existing in …

Melatonin is a chronobiotic hormone, which can regulate human diseases like cancer,
atherosclerosis, respiratory disorders, and microbial infections by regulating redox system …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a bioactive gas that has multiple roles in innate and adaptive immune
responses. In macrophages, nitric oxide is produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase upon …

Mammalian innate immune cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the oxidative
burst reaction to destroy invading microbial pathogens. Using quantitative real‐time ROS …

NADPH oxidase of phagocytes plays a crucial role in host defense by producing reactive
oxygen species (ROS) that are intended to kill invading microbes. Many other cells produce …

We investigated the basis for the induction of monocyte antimycobacterial activity by 1α, 25-
dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (D 3). As expected, incubation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected …