The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is not only important in executive functions, but also pain
processing. The latter is dependent on its connections to other areas of the cerebral …

To define the systemic neuroimmune interactions in health and disease, we recently
suggested immunoception as a term that refers to the existence of bidirectional functional …

Importance Chronic back pain (CBP) is a leading cause of disability, and treatment is often
ineffective. Approximately 85% of cases are primary CBP, for which peripheral etiology …

Depression is one of the global leading causes of disability, but treatments remain limited
and classical antidepressants were found to be ineffective in a substantial proportion of …

Fatigue is a highly disabling symptom in various medical conditions. While inflammation has
been suggested as a potential contributor to the development of fatigue, underlying …

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major current cause of morbidity and mortality. Long-term
exposure to short-acting opioids (MOP-r agonists such as heroin or fentanyl) results in …

Aims: To characterize psychologic functioning across five chronic overlapping pain
conditions (COPCs)—temporomandibular disorders, fibromyalgia, low back pain, headache …

Human models demonstrate that experimental activation of the innate immune system has
profound effects on brain activation and behavior, inducing fatigue, worsened mood and …

Chronic pain is a major global health issue that affects all populations regardless of sex,
age, ethnicity/race, or country of origin, leading to persistent physical and emotional distress …

Animal models suggest that chemokines are important mediators in the pathophysiology of
neuropathic pain. Indeed, these substances have been called “gliotransmitters,” a term that …