The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has undergone considerable shifts
since its emergence in the Western world over a century ago, especially in the last few …

Depression is a worldwide disease causing severe disability, morbidity, and mortality.
Despite abundant studies, the precise mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by
chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The majority of PSC patients …

Many patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have persistent symptoms and
disease activity despite the best available medical or surgical treatments. These patients are …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal
tract, is characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools, posing a serious …

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with psychiatric diseases, but it
is unclear to what degree patients with IBD are affected over their lifetime. We aimed to …

The intestinal barrier, with its multiple layers, is the first line of defense between the outside
world and the intestine. Its disruption, resulting in increased intestinal permeability, is a …

Objective Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with anxiety and depression, but
the magnitude and directionality of risk remains uncertain. This study quantifies the risk of …

Gender differences were identified in the frequency and clinical presentations of
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and depressive and anxiety disorders, which are more …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with gut
dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat-killed Bifidobacterium bifidum …