Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and
previous infections. Immunological memory can develop from multiple branches of the …

Neutralizing antibodies are known to have a crucial role in protecting against SARS-CoV-2
infection and have been suggested to be a useful correlate of protection for vaccine clinical …

Germinal centres (GC) are lymphoid structures in which B cells acquire affinity-enhancing
somatic hypermutations (SHM), with surviving clones differentiating into memory B cells …

Immune memory is tailored by cues that lymphocytes perceive during priming. The severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic created a situation in …

Our body has a remarkable ability to remember its past encounters with allergens,
pathogens, wounds and irritants, and to react more quickly to the next experience. This …

We examined antibody and memory B cell responses longitudinally for∼ 9–10 months after
primary 2-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and 3 months after a 3rd dose. Antibody …

Vaccines based on historical virus isolates provide limited protection from continuously
evolving RNA viruses, such as influenza viruses or coronaviruses, which occasionally spill …

The recently emerged Omicron (B. 1.1. 529) variant has rapidly surpassed Delta to become
the predominant circulating SARS-CoV-2 variant, given the higher transmissibility rate and …

The spatial distribution of lymphocyte clones within tissues is critical to their development,
selection, and expansion. We have developed spatial transcriptomics of variable, diversity …

Vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 reduce the risk of developing serious COVID-19 disease.
Monitoring spike-specific IgG subclass levels after vaccinations may provide additional …