Macrophages have important roles in immune surveillance and in the maintenance of
kidney homeostasis; their response to renal injury varies enormously depending on the …

In reply to internal or external danger stimuli, the body orchestrates an inflammatory
response. The endogenous triggers of this process are the damage-associated molecular …

Aims: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute kidney injury (IRI-AKI) is characterized
by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and …

Abstract Objective Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is a poorly known entity. An underlying
chronic, low-grade inflammation (LGI) has been theorized as a pathophysiological …

Tubulointerstitial inflammation is a common characteristic of acute and chronic kidney injury.
However, the mechanism by which the initial injury of tubular epithelial cells (TECs) drives …

The kidneys are frequently targeted by pathogenic immune responses against renal
autoantigens or by local manifestations of systemic autoimmunity. Recent studies in rodent …

Inflammation, a process intimately linked to renal disease, can be defined as a complex
network of interactions between renal parenchymal cells and resident immune cells, such as …

The field of gene therapy has made considerable progress over the past several years.
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have emerged as promising and attractive tools for in …

Trauma remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Hemorrhagic shock and direct injury to
vital organs are responsible for early mortality whereas most delayed deaths are secondary …

Sepsis represents the host's systemic inflammatory response to a severe infection. It causes
substantial human morbidity resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths each year …