Recent research on plant responses to bacterial attack has identified extracellular and
intracellular host receptors that recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular …

Adaptation to specialized environments allows microorganisms to inhabit an enormous
variety of ecological niches. Growth inside plant tissues is a niche offering a constant …

Modern tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varieties are bred for uniform ripening (u) light
green fruit phenotypes to facilitate harvests of evenly ripened fruit. U encodes a Golden 2 …

Background An important layer of active defense in plant immunity is the detection of
pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) mediated by cell-surface receptors. For …

Many plant pathogens subvert host immunity by injecting compositionally diverse but
functionally similar repertoires of cytoplasmic effector proteins. The bacterial pathogen …

Fruit ripening is the summation of changes rendering fleshy fruit tissues attractive and
palatable to seed dispersing organisms. For example, sugar content is influenced by plastid …

Diverse gram-negative bacteria deliver effector proteins into the cells of their eukaryotic
hosts using the type III secretion system. Collectively, these type III effector proteins function …

Many bacterial pathogens of plants and animals use a type III secretion system to deliver
diverse virulence-associated 'effector'proteins into the host cell. The mechanisms by which …

The ability of Pseudomonas syringae to grow and cause diseases in plants is dependent on
the injection of multiple effector proteins into plant cells via the type III secretion system …

Microbial pathogens of both plants and animals employ virulence factors that suppress the
host immune response. The tomato pathogen Pseudomonas syringae injects the AvrPtoB …