ABSTRACT BACKGROUND CONTEXT Frailty is associated with an increased risk of
postoperative adverse events (AEs) within the surgical spine population. Multiple frailty tools …

Although many frailty tools have been used to predict traumatic spinal injury (TSI) outcomes,
identifying predictors of outcomes after TSI in the aged population is difficult. Frailty, age …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Frailty has been associated with inferior surgical outcomes in
various fields of spinal surgery. With increasing healthcare costs, hospital length of stay …

Objective People are living longer and the elderly population continues to increase. The
incidence of degenerative spinal diseases (DSDs) in the elderly population is quite high …

Abstract Background Context Frailty as a concept is not yet fully understood, and is not the
same as comorbidity. It is associated with an increased risk of adverse events and mortality …

Background Unstable thoracolumbar spinal injuries benefit from surgical fixation. However,
perioperative complications significantly affect outcomes in surgicallytreated spine patients …

Background Degenerative spinal diseases are common in older adults with concurrent
frailty. Preoperative frailty is a strong predictor of adverse clinical outcomes after surgery …

Background Risk assessment is critically important in elective and high-risk interventions,
particularly spine surgery. This narrative review describes the evolution of risk assessment …

Advanced age is a well-known risk factor for spinal surgery-related complications. Decisions
on spine surgery in the elderly are difficult due to higher morbidity and mortality than in …

Background Longer hospital length of stay (LOS) has been associated with worse outcomes
and increased resource utilization. However, diagnostic and patient-level factors associated …