The mammalian innate immune response provides a barrier against invading pathogens.
Innate immune mechanisms are used by the host to respond to a range of bacterial …

Trachoma is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Clinical grading with the WHO simplified
system can be highly repeatable provided graders are adequately trained and standardized …

Current understanding of microorganism–virus interactions, which shape the evolution and
functioning of Earth's ecosystems, is based primarily on cultivated organisms. Here we …

Host-associated microbes are vital for combatting infections and maintaining health. In
amphibians, certain skin-associated bacteria inhibit the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium …

Lactobacillus species dominate the vaginal microbiota of healthy reproductive-age women
and protect the genitourinary tract from the attack of several infectious agents. Chlamydia …

Intracellular replication of the bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica occurs in membrane‐
bound compartments called Salmonella‐containing vacuoles (SCVs). Maturation of the SCV …

Chlamydia trachomatis infections cause severe and irreversible damage that can lead to
infertility and blindness in both males and females. Following infection of epithelial cells …

Chlamydia trachomatis survives within host cells by inhibiting fusion between Chlamydia
vacuoles and lysosomes. We show here that treatment of infected macrophages with ATP …

Here we investigated the role of the Nod/Rip2 pathway in host responses to Chlamydophila
pneumoniae–induced pneumonia in mice. Rip2−/− mice infected with C. pneumoniae …

Dietary zinc oxide (ZnO) at pharmacological level has been widely used to prevent and treat
diarrhea in weaning piglets. Despite its importance for promoting animal health and …