Introduction The increasing prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) and its
detrimental effects on memory function have been reported. This study was conducted to …

Early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) offers perhaps, the most promising route to a
successful clinical intervention, and the use of an animal model exhibiting symptoms …

In addition to its anticonvulsant effect, low frequency stimulation (LFS) improves learning
and memory in kindled animals. In the present study, the role of 5-HT 1A receptors in …

Depression associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) seriously affects patients, and there is
a lack of effective treatments. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is increasingly …

Abstract Purpose Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common disorder associated with
disturbed neurotransmitter homeostasis. Memantine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor …

Pregnane neuroactive steroids, notably allopregnanolone and pregnenolone, exhibit
efficacy in mitigating inflammatory signals triggered by toll-like receptor (TLR) activation …

The neuropathologic hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with
mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities. We have reported that the …

Neurosteroids (NS) are a class of steroids that are synthesized within the central nervous
system (CNS). Various NS can either enhance or inhibit CNS excitability and they play …

This study aims to investigate the contribution of nigral dopaminergic (DA) cell loss,
repeated exposure to DA medication and the combination of both to the development of …

Cognitive decline is a common clinical symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.
Fluoxetine (FLU), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, can improve cognitive deficits in …