Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by intracellular
aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein as a major pathological hallmark. Exosomes are cell …

α-Synuclein (αsyn) is the key protein that forms neuronal aggregates in the
neurodegenerative disorders Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies …

Proteins of the 14-3-3 family are well known modulators of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2
(LRRK2) regulating kinase activity, cellular localization, and ubiquitylation. Although binding …

Human leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) belongs to the Roco family of proteins, which
are characterized by the presence of a Ras-like G-domain (Roc), a C-terminal of Roc …

Kinases are an intensively studied drug target class in current pharmacological research as
evidenced by the large number of kinase inhibitors being assessed in clinical trials. Kinase …

Evidence is mounting that LRRK2 function, particularly its kinase activity, is elevated in
multiple forms of Parkinson's disease, both idiopathic as well as familial forms linked to …

Exosomes derived from tumor cells contain various molecular components, such as
proteins, RNA, DNA, lipids, and carbohydrates. These components play a crucial role in all …

Brain development requires precise orchestration of cellular events through the coordinate
exchange of information between distally located cells. One mechanism by which …

Background Pathogenic leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 LRRK2 mutations may increase
LRRK2 kinase activity and Rab substrate phosphorylation. Genetic association studies link …

Extracellular vesicles including exosomes are released by a variety of cell types including
neurons and exhibit molecular profiles that reflect normal and disease states. As their …