The ancient biological'arms race'between microbial pathogens and humans has shaped
genetic variation in modern populations, and this has important implications for the growing …

Recent genome-wide studies have reported novel associations between common
polymorphisms and susceptibility to many major infectious diseases in humans. In parallel …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key initiators of the innate immune response and promote
adaptive immunity. Much has been learned about the role of TLRs in human immunity from …

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause worldwide of human mortality attributable to a single
infectious agent. Recent studies targeting candidate genes and “case-control” association …

Early clearance (EC) is the successful eradication of inhaled M ycobacterium tuberculosis
before an adaptive immune response develops. Evidence for EC comes from case contact …

The worldwide burden of tuberculosis (TB) remains an enormous problem, and is
particularly severe in the admixed South African Coloured (SAC) population residing in the …

Of the 1.8 billion people worldwide infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 5–15% will
develop active tuberculosis (TB). Approximately half will progress to active TB within the first …

Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) is an economically significant condition caused by
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. However, difficulties in diagnosis and …

In 2015, there were an estimated 10.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) globally,
making it one of the leading causes of death due to an infectious disease. TB is caused by …

Human alveolar macrophages (HAM) are primary bacterial niche and immune response
cells during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection, and human blood monocyte …