Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) in the intensive care unit is associated with significant
mortality and morbidity. Objectives To determine and update previous recommendations for …

Much clinical and experimental evidence suggests that pancreatic ischaemia in the early
phase of acute pancreatitis is important in the development of pancreatic necrosis. While …

Background Acute renal failure on the intensive care unit is associated with significant
mortality and morbidity. Objectives To determine recommendations for the prevention of …

Background: The concept of small‐volume resuscitatioin (SVR) using hypertonic solutions
encompasses the rapid infusion of a small dose (4 ml per kg body weight, ie approximately …

Tissue deposits occur after administration of plasma substitutes. After hydroxyethyl starch
(HES), deposits may last for months, causing pruritus and impairment of function. Because …

Maintenance and restoration of intravascular volume are essential tasks of critical care
management to achieve sufficient organ function and to avoid multiple organ failure in …

Adequate volume maintenance is essential to prevent acute renal failure during major
surgery or to ensure graft function after renal transplantation. The various recommendations …

OBJECTIVE: This phase-I study transferred the concept of isovolemic hemodilution, which
has been proven beneficial in the treatment of experimental acute pancreatitis to the patient …

The purpose of this review is to summarise the commonly used formulae for fluid
resuscitation in major burns and to discuss the controversy surrounding the use of protein …

Acute normovolemic hemodilution entails removal of blood from a patient either immediately
before or shortly after induction of anesthesia and simultaneous replacement with cell-free …