The neurodegenerative condition known as Parkinson's disease (PD) is brought on by the
depletion of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia, which is the brain region that …

Tobacco smoking is a preventable cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world.
Smoking comes in form of absorption of many compounds, among which nicotine is the …

Abstract Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions have multiple
bioactive properties.“Gui Zhi–Shao Yao” herb pair is widely used to treat chronic pain (CP) …

Introduction: Nicotine (Nic) has previously been proven to reduce neurodegeneration in the
models of Parkinson's disease (PD). The present study is intended to investigate the …

Cotinine (COT) and 6-hydroxy-L-nicotine (6HLN) are two nicotinic derivatives that possess
cognitive-improving abilities and antioxidant properties in different rodent models of …

Drug abuse and brain disorders related to drug comsumption are public health problems
with harmful individual and social consequences. The identification of therapeutic targets …

Chemical graph theory is one of the branches of mathematical chemistry. Where chemical
graph theory is important and necessary for a better understanding and interpretation of the …

Anxiety-related disorders are severe psychiatric conditions that involve complex
physiological and behavioral maladaptive responses. The use of conspecific alarm …

Cigarette smoking poses various health risks, such as increasing the susceptibility to
respiratory infections, contributing to osteoporosis, causing reproductive issues, delaying …

Background Mental health is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. However,
previous studies have showed conflict findings about the role of lifestyle and little is known …