Purines and their derivatives, most notably adenosine and ATP, are the key molecules
controlling intracellular energy homoeostasis and nucleotide synthesis. Besides, these …

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer, produced endogenously by the human body,
which has unique physicochemical and biological properties, exhibiting desirable …

Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms
behind atherosclerosis pathogenesis. However, there is still a need to systematize this data …

The acute symptoms of gout are triggered by the inflammatory response to monosodium
urate crystals, mediated principally by macrophages and neutrophils. Innate immune …

Objective To describe the levels and trends of point prevalence, annual incidence, and
years lived with disability (YLD) for gout and its attributable risk factors in 195 countries and …

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) can be classified as metal–organic frameworks
(MOFs) or metal-azolate frameworks (MAFs) with unique topologies. The presence of five …

Abstract In 1994, the “danger model” argued that adaptive immune responses are driven
rather by molecules released upon tissue damage than by the recognition of “strange” …

Uric acid (UA) is the final product of purine metabolism in the human body, and impaired
purine metabolism can increase the uric acid in serum, finally resulting in hyperuricemia …

Trained immunity is a process in which innate immune cells undergo functional
reprogramming in response to pathogens or damage‐associated molecules leading to an …

Cell death is a vital process that occurs in billions of cells in the human body every day. This
process helps maintain tissue homeostasis, supports recovery from acute injury, deals with …