Importance Short-course antibiotic therapy could enhance adherence and reduce adverse
drug effects and costs. However, based on sparse evidence, most guidelines recommend a …

Childhood community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of mortality in
children under 5 years worldwide. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) may be limited by …

Bronchiectasis (BE) is a chronic condition affecting the bronchial tree. It is characterized by
the dilatation of large and medium-sized airways, secondary to damage of the underlying …

Vitamin D promotes kidney calcium reabsorption and regulates calcium and phosphate
metabolism, as well as the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus and bone …

Few studies have compared clinical outcomes in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV-
unexposed uninfected (HUU) infants in the current scenario of universal and lifelong …

Background: The prevalence of antimicrobial prescriptions for healthcare-associated
infections (HAI) in South Africa is largely unknown. This study aimed to estimate the point …

Background Electronic continuous surveillance databases are ideal for monitoring antibiotic
use (ABU) in hospitalised patients for antibiotic stewardship programmes (ASP). However …

Objective: Biapenem has been poorly studied in children. To compare effectiveness and
safety of biapenem and meropenem in the real world. Methods: We retrospectively …

BACKGROUNDConfirming the aetiology of pleural effusion in children may be difficult in TB-
endemic settings. We investigated the role of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and routine …

Abstract In sub-Saharan Africa the great majority of infants acquire Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
infection within the first year of life. Maternal long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been …