Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome describing patients with severe
systemic hyperinflammation. Characteristic features include unremitting fever, cytopenias …

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death globally. Dissemination of TB to the
brain results in the most severe form of extrapulmonary TB, tuberculous meningitis (TBM) …

Several new discoveries have revived interest in the pathogenic potential and possible
clinical roles of IL-18. IL-18 is an IL-1 family cytokine with potent ability to induce IFNγ …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART), while essential in combatting tuberculosis (TB) and HIV
coinfection, is often complicated by the TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory …

Better understanding of the role of opportunistic infections at ART initiation and IRIS
pathogenesis will assist in improved strategies for prevention and treatment. The long-term …

Specific biomarkers would aid in identifying high-risk patients for interventions and a
diagnostic test is needed. Clinicians should consider prednisone for TB-IRIS prevention in …

Since the first textbook devoted to cytokine storm syndromes (CSSs) was published in 2019,
the world has changed dramatically and the term's visibility has broadened. Herein, we …

Patients co-infected with HIV-1 and tuberculosis (TB) are at risk of developing TB-associated
immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) following commencement of …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has represented a major advancement in the care of people
living with HIV (PLWHH), resulting in significant reductions in morbidity and mortality through …

Background Tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS are the leading causes of infectious diseases
death worldwide. Here, we investigated the relationship between from single nucleotide …