Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is an evolving field of reconstructive
surgery that has revolutionized the treatment of patients with devastating injuries, including …

Ex vivo preservation of transplanted organs is undergoing spectacular advances. Machine
perfusion is now used in common practice for abdominal and thoracic organ transportation …

Background: Upper extremity (UE) vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA; hand
transplantation) is a reconstructive treatment option for patients with UE loss. Approximately …

Facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (FVCA) is an emerging field of
reconstructive surgery that represents a dogmatic shift in the surgical treatment of patients …

Skin graft rejection is a significant challenge in skin allografts for skin defects, particularly in
extensive burn injury patients when autografts are insufficient. Enhancing the survival …

Transplant rejection remains a challenge especially in the field of vascularized composite
allotransplantation (VCA). To blunt the alloreactive immune response ‚stable levels of …

Overcoming immunological rejection remains a barrier to the safe adoption of Vascularised
Composite Allotransplantation (VCA). To mitigate this risk, clinical protocols have been …

Genetic engineering is a promising tool to repair genetic disorders, improve graft function, or
reduce immune responses toward allografts. Ex vivo organ perfusion systems have the …

Vascular composite allotransplantation (VCA) is a field under research and has emerged as
an alternative option for the repair of severe disfiguring defects that result from infections or …

Vascularized composite allotransplantation represents the final level of the reconstructive
ladder, offering treatment options for severe tissue loss and functional deficiencies …