The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

Osteopontin (OPN) also known by its official gene designation secreted phosphoprotein‐1
(SPP1) is a fascinating, multifunctional protein expressed in a number of cell types that …

People living with HIV face a high risk of mental illness, especially depression. We do not yet
know the precise neurobiological mechanisms underlying HIV-associated depression …

Background Apathy was identified as a feature of HIV early in the epidemic; however, there
are no systematic reviews of the diverse literature on the sociodemographic and clinical …

Depression and neurocognitive disorder continue to be the major neuropsychiatric disorders
affecting persons with HIV (PWH). The prevalence of major depressive disorder is two to …

Background: Mental disorders that are comorbid with chronic infectious diseases may
worsen clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life. We hypothesized that depression …

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) still persist despite improved life
expectancy, reduced viral loads, and decreased infection severity. The number of patients …

Independently, chronic cocaine use and HIV-1 viral protein exposure induce
neuroadaptations in the frontal-striatal circuit as evidenced by both clinical and preclinical …

Despite the dramatic decrease in HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in the
combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) era, subtler neuropsychological complications …

People with HIV are at increased risk for depression, though the neurobiological
mechanisms underlying this are unclear. In the last decade, there has been a substantial …