Cardiovascular disease and infections are major causes for the high incidence of morbidity
and mortality of patients with chronic kidney disease. Both complications are directly or …

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between pro-and antioxidants that adversely influences the
organism in various mechanisms and on many levels. Oxidative damage occurring …

Diabetes is one of the leading causes of kidney disease. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a
major cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide, and it is linked to an increase …

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a debilitating disease associated with several secondary
complications that increase comorbidity and mortality. In patients with CKD, there is a …

Airborne particulate matter (PM) comprises both solid and liquid particles, including carbon,
sulphates, nitrate, and toxic heavy metals, which can induce oxidative stress and …

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus and a
common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) …

Biocompatibility in hemodialysis (HD) has considerably improved in recent decades, but
remains an open issue to be solved, appearing essential to reduce systemic inflammation …

Quantifying glutathione (GSH) in cells and organisms is of great significance for
understanding the mechanism of oxidative stress in various physiological and pathological …

Aims Nephrotoxicity is the hallmark of anti-neoplastic drug metabolism that causes oxidative
stress. External chemical agents and prescription drugs release copious amounts of free …

Chronic kidney disease can progress to end-stage chronic renal disease (ESRD), which
requires the use of replacement therapy (dialysis or kidney transplant) in life-threatening …