Tumour-associated macrophages are an essential component of the tumour
microenvironment and have a role in the orchestration of angiogenesis, extracellular matrix …

Numerous mitochondrial constituents and metabolic products can function as damage-
associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and promote inflammation when released into the …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent disease with a progression that is modulated
by the immune system. Systemic therapy is used in the advanced stage and until 2017 …

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) cellular signaling pathway is a promising target
for cancer immunotherapy. Activation of the intracellular STING protein triggers the …

Conventional chemotherapeutics have been developed into clinically useful agents based
on their ability to preferentially kill malignant cells, generally owing to their elevated …

The cGAS–STING signalling axis, comprising the synthase for the second messenger cyclic
GMP–AMP (cGAS) and the cyclic GMP–AMP receptor stimulator of interferon genes …

Checkpoint inhibitors are being added to standard-of-care chemotherapy in multiple clinical
trials. Success has been reported in non–small and small cell lung carcinomas and …

Cells succumbing to stress via regulated cell death (RCD) can initiate an adaptive immune
response associated with immunological memory, provided they display sufficient …

Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, as well as targeted anticancer agents can induce clinically
relevant tumor-targeting immune responses, which critically rely on the antigenicity of …

Calreticulin (CALR) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein involved in a
spectrum of cellular processes. In healthy cells, CALR operates as a chaperone and Ca2+ …