Mycorrhizas are among the most important biological interkingdom interactions, as they
involve~ 340,000 land plants and~ 50,000 taxa of soil fungi. In these mutually beneficial …

A common mycorrhizal network (CMN) is formed when mycorrhizal fungal hyphae connect
the roots of multiple plants of the same or different species belowground. Recently, CMNs …

BACKGROUND All vascular plants associate with fungi and bacteria—the microbiome. Root
associations with mycorrhizal fungi benefit most plants by enhancing their nutrient access …

A plant biostimulant is any substance or microorganism applied to plants with the aim to
enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance and/or crop quality traits, regardless of …

Globally, forests represent highly productive ecosystems that act as carbon sinks where soil
organic matter is formed from residuals after biomass decomposition as well as from …

Through complementarity interactions, mixed-species forests can be more productive than
monocultures, and this effect can increase with tree-species richness. However, this is not …

Demand of all living organisms on the same nutrients forms the basis for interspecific
competition between plants and microorganisms in soils. This competition is especially …

Stand structure can strongly influence forest growth and other processes, such as the water
balance, carbon partitioning, nutrient cycling and light dynamics. However, individual …

Mycelium-based bio-composites materials have been invented and widely applied to
different areas including the construction industry, manufacturing industry, agriculture, and …

Communication occurs when a sender emits a cue perceived by a receiver that changes the
receiver's behavior. Plants perceive information regarding light, water, other nutrients, touch …