The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor everolimus has been shown to display
antiproliferative effects on a wide spectrum of tumors. In vitro studies demonstrated that …

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are the most common pituitary tumors and the
second most common brain tumors. Although the vast majority (> 90%) are benign, a small …

With a prevalence of 80–100/100000, pituitary adenomas are more frequent than thought.
The rare aggressive pituitary adenoma presents a special challenge, due to the …

Introduction Refractory pituitary adenomas are those that have progressed following
standard of care treatments. Medical therapy options for these challenging tumors are …

Aggressive pituitary tumors (APT) refer to pituitary adenomas exhibiting radiological
invasiveness and an unusually rapid tumor growth rate, or clinically relevant tumor growth …

Aggressive pituitary tumors comprise a rare but challenging subset of pituitary tumors. A
major issue currently is the absence of a holistic definition that reliably identifies these …

Management of aggressive pituitary adenomas is challenging due to a paucity of rigorous
evidence supporting available treatment approaches. Recent guidelines emphasize the …

Aromatase enzyme plays an essential role in estrogen-induced tumorigenesis. It is
expressed in the normal pituitary and more significantly in prolactinoma tissues. The aim of …

The majority of acromegaly and gigantism are caused by growth hormone‐secreting
pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). Most cases can be cured or controlled by …

The anterior pituitary gland comprises a heterogeneous population of pituitary cells. Anterior
cells are mainly characterized as corticotrophs, somatotrophs, lactotrophs, thyrotrophs, and …