A remarkable diversity of plant-eating mammals known as South American native ungulates
(SANUs) flourished in South America for most of the Cenozoic. Although some of these …

This book summarizes the evolution of carnivorous mammals in the Cenozoic of South
America. It presents paleontological information on the two main mammalian carnivorous …

The evolution of mammalian vision is difficult to study because the actual receptor organs—
the eyes—are not preserved in the fossil record. Orbital orientation and size are the …

Prehistoric and recent extinctions of large-bodied terrestrial herbivores had significant and
lasting impacts on Earth's ecosystems due to the loss of their distinct trait combinations. The …

The placental skull has evolved into myriad forms, from longirostrine whales to globular
primates, and with a diverse array of appendages from antlers to tusks. This disparity has …

We analyse the taxonomic status and diversity of the late Miocene Octodontoidea
(Hystricognathi) Cercomys primitiva and related samples, a taxon previously known only …

Recent studies have analyzed and described the endocranial cavities of caviomorph
rodents. However, no study has documented the changes in the morphology and relative …

Abstract We describe new Late Miocene mammalian specimens from the Maimará
Formation (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene) exposed at Humahuaca Basin (23°–24° S) …

The extinction of the Quaternary megafauna stands out among the evolutionary history of
Cenozoic mammals. In South America, nearly 80% of the megamammals went extinct …

During the Neogene, many North American ungulates evolved longer limbs. Presumably,
this allowed them to move more efficiently or quickly in open habitats, which became more …