Over the last two decades, fluorine substitution has become one of the essential structural
traits in modern pharmaceuticals. Thus, about half of the most successful drugs (blockbuster …

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer affecting men in the United States.
The prostate is a hormone-dependent gland in which androgen hormones testosterone and …

Background Apalutamide, a competitive inhibitor of the androgen receptor, is under
development for the treatment of prostate cancer. We evaluated the efficacy of apalutamide …

Context Introduction of novel agents for the management of advanced prostate cancer
provides a range of treatment options with notable benefits for men with metastatic castration …

Background Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is foundational in the management of
advanced prostate cancer (PCa) and has benefitted from a recent explosion in scientific …

Prostate cancer is a hormone-dependent malignancy, whose onset and progression are
closely related to the activity of the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway. Due to this …

Context Patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) have
rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and castrate testosterone levels, with no radiological …

Among different types of breast cancers (BC), triple-negative BC (TNBC) amounts to 15% to
20% of breast malignancies. Three principal characteristics of TNBC cells are (i) extreme …

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are transcription factors actively involved in many aspects of human
physiology and pathology, serving as sensors of stimuli, master regulators of downstream …

Purpose Antiandrogens inhibit the androgen receptor and have an important role in the
treatment of prostate cancer. This review provides a historical perspective on the …