Microglia shape the synaptic environment in health and disease, but synapses do not exist
in a vacuum. Instead, pre-and postsynaptic terminals are surrounded by extracellular matrix …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is usually diagnosed through motor symptoms that make the
patient incapable of carrying out daily activities; however, numerous non-motor symptoms …

Occupational injuries and toxicant exposures lead to the development of neuroinflammation
by activating distinct mechanistic signaling cascades that ultimately culminate in the …

Alpha-synuclein aggregates are the hallmark pathology of Parkinson's disease, which can
propagate in a stereotypical pattern along the brain-body axis. Parkinson's disease patients …

Background Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness. Retinal microglia
have been implicated in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and vasculopathy, but the …

Chronic neuroinflammation has been considered to be involved in the progressive
dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the mechanisms …

Rotenone is a neurotoxic pesticide widely used in agriculture. Dopaminergic neuron has
long been considered as the target of rotenone. We recently reported that rotenone …

The pervasive employment of pesticides such as rotenone on a global scale represents a
substantial hazard to human health through direct exposure. Therefore, exploring the …

The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and the Central Nervous
System, the so-called gut microbiota brain axis (GMBA), deeply affects brain function and …

Vascular dementia (VaD) constitutes the second most prevalent cause of dementia in the
world after Alzheimer's disease (AD). VaD regroups heterogeneous neurological conditions …