The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized
by the death of dopaminergic neurons that project from the substantia nigra pars compacta …

The function and regulation of different heterogeneous reactive states of astrocytes in
depression remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that neurotoxic reactive (A1-like) …

Pyroptosis ('fiery death') is an inflammatory type of regulated cell death (RCD), which occurs
downstream of inflammasome activation. Pyroptosis is mediated directly by the recently …

Background Abnormal aggregation of brain α-synuclein is a central step in the pathogenesis
of Parkinson's disease (PD), thus, it is reliable to promote the clearance of α-synuclein to …

Excessive activation of microglia and subsequent release of proinflammatory cytokines play
a crucial role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder
worldwide. Clinically, it is characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. PD
patients exhibit motor symptoms such as akinesia/bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural …

Abstract In the Central Nervous System (CNS), neuroinflammation orchestrated by microglia
and astrocytes is an innate immune response to counteract stressful and dangerous insults …

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a dysregulated neuro-glial
microenvironment, culminating in functional deficits resulting from neuronal cell death …