All endocrine glands are susceptible to neoplastic growth, yet the health consequences of
these neoplasms differ between endocrine tissues. Pituitary neoplasms are highly prevalent …

Although usually benign, anterior pituitary tumours occasionally exhibit aggressive
behaviour, with invasion of surrounding tissues, rapid growth, resistance to conventional …

Most pituitary adenomas (PAs) are considered benign tumors, but approximately 0.2% can
present metastasis and are classified as pituitary carcinomas (PCs). Refractory PAs lie …

Pituitary adenohypophyseal tumors are considered as benign and termed “adenomas”.
However, many tumors are invasive and a proportion of these exhibit an “aggressive …

Abstract The WHO Classification of Endocrine Tumours designates pituitary neoplasms as
adenomas. A proposed nomenclature change to pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) …

The pituitary gland is a small, complex endocrine organ located within the sella of the central
skull base. It is anatomically and functionally separated into the anterior lobe …

Pituitary tumors (PT) are mostly benign, although occasionally they demonstrate aggressive
behavior, invasion of surrounding tissues, rapid growth, resistance to conventional …

The microenvironment of pituitary adenomas (PAs) includes a range of non-tumoral cells,
such as immune and stromal cells, as well as cell signaling molecules such as cytokines …

The tumour microenvironment (TME) includes a variety of non-neoplastic cells and non-
cellular elements such as cytokines, growth factors and enzymes surrounding tumour cells …

Pituitary tumors are very complex and heterogeneous and have a very wide range of
proliferative and aggressive behaviors, and how to define and classify these tumors remains …