Although most patients with chronic pain are women, the preclinical literature regarding pain
processing and the pathophysiology of chronic pain has historically been derived …

Melanoma is a potentially fatal skin malignancy that continues to increase in incidence
worldwide. The current lifetime risk of developing melanoma is 1 in 63 in the United States …

Importance Despite many cases being preventable, cutaneous melanoma remains the most
serious skin cancer worldwide. Understanding the scale and profile of the disease is vital to …

Melanocytes are melanin-producing cells found in skin, hair follicles, eyes, inner ear, bones,
heart and brain of humans. They arise from pluripotent neural crest cells and differentiate in …

Melanomas on sun-exposed skin are heterogeneous tumours, which can be subtyped on
the basis of their cumulative levels of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. A melanocytic …

Disease variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) tend to overlap
with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), but it remains unclear whether this overlap is …

Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting
from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin …

UV radiation (UV) is classified as a “complete carcinogen” because it is both a mutagen and
a non-specific damaging agent and has properties of both a tumor initiator and a tumor …

Females greatly outnumber males as sufferers of chronic pain. Although social and
psychological factors certainly play a role in the differences in prevalence and incidence …

During the past decade, melanins and melanogenesis have attracted growing interest for a
broad range of biomedical and technological applications. The burst of polydopamine …