Several preclinical and clinical studies have shown the immunomodulatory role exerted by
prebiotics in regulating the immune response. In this review, we describe the mechanistic …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders,
characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication and the presence of …

Background The prebiotic nature of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO s) and increasing
evidence of direct immunomodulatory effects of these sugars suggest that they may have …

The intestinal mucosa is constantly facing a high load of antigens including bacterial
antigens derived from the microbiota and food. Despite this, the immune cells present in the …

Background Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have an extensively demonstrated
beneficial impact on intestinal health. In this study, we determined the impact of GOS diets …

How do functional foods affect human health? To answer this question it is important to
understand what happens when food is digested and taken up by the gastrointestinal (GI) …

The gut microbiome is being more widely recognized for its association with positive health
outcomes, including those distant to the gastrointestinal system. This has given the ability to …

The WHO refers to human milk as the nutritional gold standard for term infants. Human milk
contains many immunomodulatory compounds, including oligosaccharides. Human-milk …

Background Prevention guidelines for infants at high risk of allergic disease recommend
hydrolysed formula if formula is introduced before 6 months, but evidence is mixed. Adding …

Background: Prebiotic galacto‐and fructo‐oligosaccharides (sc GOS/lc FOS) resembling
non‐digestible oligosaccharides in human milk reduce the development of atopic disorders …