Compared to terrestrial animals, fish have to cope with more-challenging osmotic and ionic
gradients from aquatic environments with diverse salinities, ion compositions, and pH …

Salinity and its variations are among the key factors that affect survival, metabolism and
distribution during the fish development. The successful establishment of a fish species in a …

Prolactin is an important regulator of multiple biological functions in vertebrates, and has
been viewed as essential to ion uptake as well as reduction in ion and water permeability of …

Current understanding of chloride cells (CCs) is briefly reviewed with emphasis on
molecular aspects of their channels, transporters and regulators. Seawater-type and …

This study examines changes in gill Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α-and β-subunit isoforms, Na+,
K+, 2Cl-cotransporter (NKCC) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator …

We review the experimental evidence accumulated within the past decade regarding the
physiologic, biochemical, and molecular characterization of iodothyronine deiodinases (IDs) …

Specimens of farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L., 1758) were exposed to
different cadmium (Cd) concentrations (4.47, 5.63, 7.08 and 8.91 mgl− 1) for 24 and 48h …

Teleost fishes are the major group of ray-finned fishes and represent more than one-half of
the total number of vertebrate species. They have experienced in their evolution an …

Maintenance of ion balance requires that ionoregulatory epithelia modulate ion flux in
response to internal or environmental osmotic challenges. We have explored the basis of …

Abstract Thyroxine (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T 3), the principal thyroid hormones (THs)
secreted from the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis, produce a plethora of …