Neurotrophin proteins are essential for the survival, differentiation, and maintenance of
neurons in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Recent studies have shown that the …

The kinetics of folding and dimerization of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2), a
disulfide‐connected, homodimeric cystine‐knot protein and a member of the transforming …

The secretion signals of Saccharomyces cerevisiae α mating factor, human midkine itself,
and Pichia pastoris acid phosphatase, were tried for the expression of human midkine under …

The biological activities of NGF and of its precursor proNGF are quite distinct, due to different
receptor binding profiles, but little is known about how proNGF regulates gene expression …

Hepcidin was first identified as an antimicrobial peptide expressed in the liver. It was later
demonstrated that hepcidin is in fact the long sought hormone that regulates iron …

Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, and it acts as
a negative regulator for skeletal muscle growth. Like many other TGF-β family member …

The cystine knot disulfide pattern has been found to be widespread in nature, since it has
been detected in proteins from plants, marine snails, spiders and mammals. Cystine knot …

Fast and high-level expression of heterologous proteins in bacterial hosts often results in the
accumulation of almost pure aggregates (inclusion bodies, IBs) of the target protein …

Recent studies have shown that the precursor of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (pro‐
BDNF) activates p75NTR with high affinity to induce apoptosis. Here we show that pro …

The fold of small disulfide‐rich proteins largely relies on two or more disulfide bridges that
are main components of the hydrophobic core. Because of the small size of these proteins …