T cells play a critical role in cancer control, but a range of potent immunosuppressive
mechanisms can be upregulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to abrogate their …

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs), enzymes that degrade 3′, 5′-cyclic nucleotides, are being
pursued as therapeutic targets for several diseases, including those affecting the nervous …

This review focuses on one family of the known cAMP receptors, the exchange proteins
directly activated by cAMP (EPACs), also known as the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide …

Malignant carcinomas are often characterized by metastasis, the movement of carcinoma
cells from a primary site to colonize distant organs. For metastasis to occur, carcinoma cells …

cAMP is a universal second messenger that plays central roles in cardiovascular regulation
influencing gene expression, cell morphology, and function. A crucial step toward a better …

Background and Purpose Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an aetiologically refractory inflammatory
disease, accompanied by dysfunction of the epithelial barrier and intestinal inflammation …

cAMP signaling plays a key role in regulating pain sensitivity. Here, we uncover a previously
unidentified molecular mechanism in which direct phosphorylation of the exchange protein …

Excitation-contraction (EC) coupling denotes the conversion of electric stimulus in mechanic
output in contractile cells. Several studies have demonstrated that calcium (Ca 2+) plays a …

EPAC1, a cAMP-activated GEF for Rap GTPases, is a major transducer of cAMP signaling
and a therapeutic target in cardiac diseases. The recent discovery that cAMP is …

The islet of Langerhans plays a key role in glucose homeostasis through regulated secretion
of the hormones insulin and glucagon. Islet research has focused on the insulin‐secreting β …