Influenza virus infections are a major public health concern and cause significant morbidity
and mortality worldwide. Current influenza virus vaccines are an effective countermeasure …

Vaccination is the best method for the prevention and control of influenza. Vaccination can
reduce illness and lessen severity of infection. This review focuses on how currently …

The timelines for developing vaccines against infectious diseases are lengthy, and often
vaccines that reach the stage of large phase 3 field trials fail to provide the desired level of …

Since inactivated influenza vaccines mainly confer protective immunity by inducing strain-
specific antibodies to the viral hemagglutinin, these vaccines only afford protection against …

The emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has brought into sharp focus the
need for a vaccine to prevent this disease. Vaccines have saved millions of lives since their …

The global vaccine market is diverse while facing a plethora of novel developments. Genetic
modification (GM) techniques facilitate the design of'smarter'vaccines. For many of the major …

The development of an effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been
hampered by major difficulties that occurred in the 1960s when a formalin-inactivated …

Viruses still pose a significant threat to human and animal health worldwide. In the fight
against viral infections, high-purity viral stocks are needed for manufacture of safer vaccines …

Tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells are a unique subset of virus-specific CTLs that bolster
local immune responses after becoming lodged in previously infected tissues. These cells …

Influenza viruses are genetically labile pathogens which avoid immune detection by
constantly changing their coat proteins. Most human infections are caused by mildly …