Bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration is a complex spatiotemporal process recruiting
a variety of cell types, whose activity and interplay must be precisely mediated for effective …

Over the past few years, the cancer-related disease has had a high mortality rate and
incidence worldwide, despite clinical advances in cancer treatment. The drugs used for …

Oxidative stress defines a condition in which the prooxidant–antioxidant balance in the cell
is disturbed, resulting in DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation, and …

Administration of cisplatin, a common chemotherapeutic drug, has an inevitable side effect
of sensorineural hearing loss. The main etiologies are stria vascularis injury, spiral ganglion …

Melatonin has diverse functions in plant development and stress tolerance, with recent
evidence showing a beneficial role in plant biotic stress tolerance. It has been hypothesized …

Background Polysaccharides are natural macromolecular polymers that are widely
distributed in various food resources and have attracted much attention due to their …

Translation is a key step in the regulation of gene expression and one of the most energy-
consuming processes in the cell. In response to various stimuli, multiple signaling pathways …

Highlights•MAPK cascades are conserved signaling modules downstream of cell surface
receptors.•Plant perception of endogenous and exogenous signals converges on MAPK …

Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive and compensatory mechanism preserving cardiac
output during detrimental stimuli. Nevertheless, long-term stimuli incite chronic hypertrophy …

Introduction Inflammation is a very important part of innate immunity and is regulated in
many steps. One such regulating step is the cytokine network, where tumor necrosis factor α …