Opioids are the most effective drugs for the treatment of severe pain, but they also cause
addiction and overdose deaths, which have led to a worldwide opioid crisis. Therefore, the …

Introduction: Opioids are the oldest and most potent drugs for the treatment of severe pain,
but they are burdened by detrimental side effects such as respiratory depression, addiction …

Morphine and fentanyl are among the most used opioid drugs that confer analgesia and
unwanted side effects through both G protein and arrestin signaling pathways of μ-opioid …

Opioids are effective analgesics, but their use is beset by serious side effects, including
addiction and respiratory depression, which contribute to the ongoing opioid crisis. The …

Despite the increasing number of GPCR structures and recent advances in peptide design,
the development of efficient technologies allowing rational design of high-affinity peptide …

Novel pain killers without adverse effects are urgently needed. Opioids induce central and
intestinal side effects such as respiratory depression, sedation, addiction, and constipation …

The management of pain, particularly chronic pain, is still an area of medical need. In this
context, opioids remain a gold standard for the treatment of pain. However, significant side …

Chronic pain is a common condition that is being increasingly recognized, diagnosed, and
treated in a variety of settings. Opioids can be used to treat chronic pain but at the cost of …

Pain is one of the most common medical conditions and affects more Americans than
diabetes, heart disease, and cancer combined. Current pain treatments mainly rely on …

Primary sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia are responsible
for sensing mechanical and thermal stimuli, as well as detecting tissue damage. These …