Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which could affect any part of the
gastrointestinal tract. A severe complication of CD is fibrosis-associated strictures, which can …

The use of biologic agents including anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibodies
followed by anti-integrins and anti-interleukins has drastically changed the treatment …

Background & Aims Fibrosis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel diseases
(IBDs). The pregnane X receptor (PXR)(encoded by NR1I2) suppresses intestinal …

Background & Aims Intestinal fibrosis is a significant complication of Crohn's disease (CD).
Gut microbiota reactive Th17 cells are crucial in the pathogenesis of CD; however, how …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and etiologically refractory inflammatory gut disorder.
Although berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, has been revealed to exert protective effects …

Background We aimed to develop criteria for treatment intensification in patients with (1)
luminal Crohn's disease (CD),(2) CD with perianal disease and/or fistula,(3) CD with small …

Introduction: Fibrostenosis is a hallmark of Crohn's disease (CD), remains a challenge in
today's clinical management of inflammatory bowel disease patients and represents a key …

Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) without
specific treatment. As macrophages are the key actors in inflammatory responses and the …

Fibrotic strictures occur in 30% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). However, there are no
therapeutic agents that prevent or reverse fibrotic strictures. Strictures are treated by …

The gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is among the most complex systems in the body. It has a
diverse commensal microbiome challenged continuously by food and microbial components …