Noncovalent interactions, which usually feature tunable strength, reversibility, and
environmental adaptability, have been recognized as driving forces in a variety of biological …

BACKGROUND Levitation of large objects has become a widely used technique in science
and engineering, and the control of levitated nano-and micro-objects in vacuum has gained …

Raman microspectroscopy offers microbiologists a rapid and non-destructive technique to
assess the chemical composition of individual live microorganisms in near real time. In this …

Progress in optical manipulation has stimulated remarkable advances in a wide range of
fields, including materials science, robotics, medical engineering, and nanotechnology. This …

Optical tweezers employing forces produced by light underpin important manipulation tools
employed in numerous areas of applied and biological physics. Conventional optical …

Optical tweezers are tools made of light that enable contactless pushing, trapping, and
manipulation of objects, ranging from atoms to space light sails. Since the pioneering work …

Harnessing linear and angular momenta of light is one of the cornerstones in modern optics
and has found tremendous applications in optical circuits, particle manipulation, metrology …

Both passive and active microfluidic chips are used in many biomedical and chemical
applications to support fluid mixing, particle manipulations, and signal detection. Passive …

Unprecedented opportunities exist for the generation of advanced nanotechnologies based
on synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs), such as active transport of medical agents or the …

Magnetism plays a pivotal role in many biological systems. However, the intensity of the
magnetic forces exerted between magnetic bodies is usually low, which demands the …